EVALUATION OF SEED DEVELOPMENT AND STERILIZATION OF VARIOUS GRAIN LEGUME CROPS (PEA, CHICKPEA AND BITTER VETCH) UNDER IN VITRO CONDITIONS

Abstract

Grain legumes are protein crops that occupy an important place in the structure of agricultural production. Their use has two aspects - human food and grain and green fodder. Besides being rich in protein, they are important for natural soil fertility.

The sterilization of pea, chickpea and bitter vetch seeds is carried out with 10% calcium hypochlorite solution for 20 minutes under sterile conditions in a laminar box. The sterilized explants are cultivated on nutrient medium - Murashige & Skoog.

In the initial reporting period, most of the pea seeds survive after the sterilization. On the 15^th day of experience the percentage of contamination is increased. After this period there is no change in the sterilization of pea seeds. Other sterilizing agents should be used in varying concentrations. The use of 10% calcium hypochlorite solution for 20 minutes has very good results in introducing the bitter vetch under controlled growth and development conditions. In the first reporting we have 30% contaminated chickpea seeds. In subsequent reporting, the percentage of contamination reaches to 60%, which requirs at the next introduction in vitro to be changed sterilization procedures and to be search other sterilizing agents.

The purpose of this study is to trace the sterilization and seed development of various grain legumes (pea, chickpea and bitter vetch) under in vitro conditions and their subsequent testing with plant hormones added to the nutrient medium.