ECONOMIC MODERNIZATION OF THE APPLE SECTOR IN MOLDOVA: PLANTING MATERIAL AND INTENSIFICATION OF ORCHARDS

Abstract

The article analyzes the structural transformation of the fruit-growing sector in the Republic of Moldova within the context of agricultural development and the reorientation of exports. It highlights the strategic role of agriculture in the national economy, as well as the significance of horticultural products in foreign trade. Apples hold a dominant position within agricultural exports, underscoring their importance for sectoral performance and the trade balance.

Current conditions are driving a shift in export flows toward markets with high standards for quality, food safety, and traceability, necessitating the adaptation of production technologies and varietal structures to meet consumer demands. The study highlights the transition from extensive systems to intensive and super-intensive orchards, which are characterized by higher productivity and economic efficiency. Emphasis is placed on the importance of high-quality planting material, modern rootstocks, and effective certification systems as key factors in enhancing the competitiveness and sustainability of the fruit-growing sector.