SPECIFICS OF THE APPLICATION OF BIOFERTILISERS IN THE AGRO-ECOSYSTEM

Veselka Vlahova

Abstract


Organic agriculture is a specific method of production that supports ecological balance and has a minimum negative impact on neighboring natural ecosystems and on human health. An experiment was carried out in 2009- 2011 on the territory of a certified ecological farm of the Agroecological Centre at the Agricultural University-Plovdiv (Bulgaria). The experiment aims at researching the impact of applied biofertilizers on the phenological development, the biometric and physiological parameters of seedlings and the field conditions of organically cultivated pepper cv. Kurtovska Kapiya 1619, under the agroecological conditions of the region of Plovdiv. The study included biofertilizers- Lumbrical, Boneprot, Seasol, Baikal EM, Bio One, Emosan. Statistical data processing was done by Microsoft Office Excel 2017, SPSS and BIOSTAT. The stimulation effect on the growth of the vegetative organs in the seedling stage is the highest upon feeding with the biofertilizer Emosan on the Boneprot basic fertilization (2009, 2010, 2011). The biometric status of plants grown under field conditions confirms the stimulating effect of biofertilizers, as also established in seedling production. At the stage fruitfulness the application of Baikal on basic fertilization with Boneprot (2009, 2010, 2011) had the best stimulating effect on the net photosynthetic rate, and Bio One on basic fertilization with Boneprot (2009, 2011) had the highest impact on transpiration intensity and stomatal conductance, thus determining the specifics of the positive impact of the application of the biofertilizers in the agroecosystem. There is linear dependence between the temperature sum and the duration of the periods - from sprouting to the first true leaf (inclusive) at values of R=0.778, flowering (including the stages of flower bud and flowering) at values of R=0.92, and fruitfulness at values of R=0.918. The same may be used for prognostication of the duration of the separate periods of vegetation and the used variety of pepper. The application of biofertilizers aims at the optimization of the fertilization system in order to ensure the stable ecological environment in the agro-ecosystem without any environmental risk.

Keywords


biofertilizers, Capsicum annuum L., leaf gas exchange, organic agriculture, phenological development, seedlings, vegetative growth

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