THE OLD AND THE NEW GLOBAL CITIES - REORDERING

Authors

  • Krasimir Levkov Assoc. Professor, Ph.D., University of Agribusiness and Regional Development, BULGARIA

Keywords:

world city, global city, old and new global cities, Hong Kong, Shenzhen

Abstract

The concept of global cities is analyzed in the presented work. The aim of the study is to trace the trends in the development of the network of global cities over the last two decades and to outline the emerging group of “new” global cities. A significant set of facts and statistics published in various sources is analyzed. The methods of historical and comparative analysis are used and various trends are analyzed. On this basis, the groups of the so-called "old" and "new" global cities are identified and studied. A brief comparative characteristic of the cities of Hong Kong and Shenzhen as representatives of the two groups is made.

References

Asenov, K. Globalizatsiya, urbanistichna hipertrofiya i ikonomichesko razvitie. Proceedings of the International scientific and practical conference “Bulgaria of regions’2019”, 39-46.

Karaboev, P. (2019) Shandzhan – bikat na kitayskata ambitsiya. V: https://www.capital.bg/light/mesta/2019/02/08/3386352_shundjun_-_bikut_na_kitaiskata_ambiciia. Posledno poseshtenie na 25.05.2020.

Kastels, M. (2004) Informatsionnata epoha: ikonomika, obshtestvo i kultura. Tom І: Vazhodat na mrezhovoto obshtestvo, LiK, Sofiya.

Kitayskata stolitsa na nebostargachite. V: https://www.economic.bg/bg/news/8/kitajskata-stolitsa-na-nebostargachite.html. Posledno poseshtenie na 01.06.2020.

Levkov, K. (2012a) Globalnite gradove. Ongal, Varna.

Levkov, K. (2012b) Globalnite gradove i turizmat. Mezhdunarodna yubileyna nauchna konferentsiya „20 godini investitsiya v badeshteto”. Stopanski fakultet na VTU „Sv.sv. Kiril i Metodiy”, 2012.

Levkov, K. (2015a) Kitayskiyat vatreshen i mezhdunaroden turizam - savremenno sastoyanie, tendentsii, osobenosti. Mezhdunarodna nauchna konferentsiya “Ekologichen i selski turizam – predizvikatelstva i perspektivi”. BU “Asen Zlatarov”, BAEST, 2015.

Levkov, K. (2015b) Opit za opredelyane myastoto na globalnite gradove v svetovnata turisticheska sistema. Godishnik na VUARR. Tom ІІІ, 2015, s. 127-144.

Moskova, A. (2007) Geopoliticheskata kontseptsiya za globalnata gradska mrezha. Sp. „Geopolitika”, br. 5, 2007. V:http://geopolitica.eu/spisanie-geopolitika-broi-5-2007.

Nedyalkova, A., Z. Bauman, D. Filipov. (2005) Globalizam, regionalizam i antiglobalizam. Albatros.

Sasen, S. (2011) Globalniyat grad: Nyu York, London, Tokio. IK „Kritika i humanizam”. Sofiya.

Friydman, T. (2006) Svetat e plosak: Kratka istoriya na 21 vek. Obsidian, Sofiya.

Yankulov, P. (2018) Na Shandzhan skorost. V: https://www.capital.bg/biznes/tehnologii_i_nauka/2018/12/01/3361240_na_shundjun_skorost. Posledno poseshtenie na 12.06.2020.

Beaverstock, J.V., R.G. Smith and P.J. Taylor. (1999) A Roster of World Cities. GaWC Research 5 16 (6), p. 445-458. In: http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/rb/rb5.html. Posledno poseshtenie na 14.06.2020.

Belchem, J. (2000) MERSEYPRIDE. Essays in Liverpool exceptionalism. LIVERPOOL UNIVERSITY PRESS.

Clark, G. (2016) Global Cities: A Short History. Brookings Institution Press. Washington, D.C.

Encyclopedia of Geography. Barney Worf, Editor. SAGE Publications 2010.

Gygli, S., Fl. Haelg, N. Potrafke and J. Sturm (2019): The KOF Globalisation Index – Revisited, Review of International Organizations, 14(3), 543-574 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11558-019-09344-2. Posledno poseshtenie na 11.06.2020.

Global Power City Index 2019. V: http://mori-m-foundation.or.jp/pdf/GPCI2019_summary.pdf. Posledno poseshtenie na 12.06.2020.

Sassen, S. (2012) Cities in a World Economy. Fourth Edition. SAGE Publications.

Taylor, P. (2004) World City Network. A Global Urban Analysis. Routledge, London, New York.

World Tourism Organization (2018), UNWTO Tourism Highlights, 2018. Edition, UNWTO, Madrid, DOI: https://doi.org/10.18111/9789284419876. Posledno poseshtenie na 10.06.2020.

World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) Yearbook of Tourism Statistics, Data 2012 – 2016, 2018 Edition.

World Urbanization Prospects, 2018 revision. V: http://esa.un.org/wup2018/unup/p2k0data.asp. Posledno poseshtenie na 1.06.2020.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki. Posledno poseshtenie na 10.06.2020.

https://globalresidenceindex.com. Posledno poseshtenie na 20.05.2020.

https://tradingeconomics.com/hong-kong. Posledno poseshtenie na 4.06.2020.

http://www.history.ac.uk/reviews/review/737.

https://www.imf.org.

https://www.insider.com/best-travel-destinations-2019-lonely-planet-2018-10#2-shnzhn-china-9.

https://www.kearney.com/global-cities/2018.

http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc.

https://www.market-inspector.co.uk/blog/2017/06/7-global-cities-of-the-future.

https://www.statista.com.

https://www.worldeconomics.com.

Downloads

Issue

Section

Articles