THE ROLE OF STATISTICAL ANALYSIS IN THE ASSESSMENT OF HARMFUL EMISSIONS IN A GASOLINE ENGINE WITH A FAULTY AND REPLACED OXYGEN SENSOR

Abstract

This article examines the role of statistical analysis in the study of environmental indicators of a gasoline engine with a faulty and a replaced oxygen sensor. The aim is to determine how statistical methods support an objective assessment of the impact of technical malfunctions on harmful emissions. The study was conducted on a Toyota Avensis 1.8 VVT-i (2008), with measurements performed using a TEXA RC3 gas analyzer. The obtained results were processed statistically using mean value, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and percentage change. The findings show that a faulty lambda sensor leads to a significant increase in CO and HC emissions, while its replacement reduces these values by more than 80%, thereby improving the environmental performance of the engine.