DIDACTIC TEST AND ASSESSMENT OF RESULTS ON THE PERSON AND SOCIETY IN TNE 4TH GRADE

Abstract

It can certainly be argued that there is no other method in pedagogical research with a more controversial development. Almost always, tests have had ardent defenders and opponents, there are mutually exclusive evaluations of them not only as a research method, but also as a means, a method of verification and evaluation of educational achievements. There is no doubt, however, that the tests have a very serious scientific basis, that many scientists from different countries worked and continue to work on their development and validation.

In the literature and among specialists, there is no consensus on the question of when didactic tests arise. Depending on the conceptions of their essence and way of use, their historical development is also determined. If the term “test” refers to the various types of exams, then we can talk about tests since ancient times. If we consider the test as a scientific method of measurement, then its beginning must be sought only in more recent times.

A new stage in the development of tests is related to the understanding and requirement that the test should now be a tool of scientific research, which in turn leads to the development of a special methodology for checking its qualities. In this connection, two main concepts are raised and developed - for reliability and validity of the results. The methodology of testing these qualities of the test was significantly advanced by Karl Pearson, who incorporated correlation theory and methodology into the testing of said qualities. The Frenchmen A. Binet and T. Simon created in 1905 a test for checking intellectual abilities and they were the first to check its qualities even before they had created it definitively. A significant contribution to the development of test theory and methodology was made by Charles Spearman, who combined the psychological theory of tests with the theory of physical measurements and correlational methods. As a result, the first method of checking the reliability of the test appeared, namely its division into parts A and B and the correlation between them.